break down

分解；发生故障；失败；毁掉；将…分类；衰弱，体力不支；制服，镇压

break down的近义词

verb

1. collapse due to fatigue, an illness, or a sudden attack

Synonym: collapse

2. separate (substances) into constituent elements or parts

Synonym: decomposebreak up

3. stop operating or functioning

e.g. The engine finally went
The car died on the road
The bus we travelled in broke down on the way to town
The coffee maker broke
The engine failed on the way to town
her eyesight went after the accident

Synonym: failgo badgive waydiegive outconk outgobreak

4. make a mathematical, chemical, or grammatical analysis of
break down into components or essential features

e.g. analyze a specimen
analyze a sentence
analyze a chemical compound

Synonym: analyzeanalysedissecttake apart

5. make ineffective

e.g. Martin Luther King tried to break down racial discrimination

Synonym: crush

6. cause to fall or collapse

7. lose control of one's emotions

e.g. When she heard that she had not passed the exam, she lost it completely
When her baby died, she snapped

Synonym: lose itsnap

8. fall apart

e.g. the building crumbled after the explosion
Negotiations broke down

Synonym: crumblecrumpletumblecollapse

1. （机器或车辆）出毛病，损坏
If a machine or a vehicle breaks down, it stops working.

e.g. Their car broke down.
他们的车子出故障了。

2. （讨论、关系或系统）失败，破裂，失灵
If a discussion, relationship, or system breaks down, it fails because of a problem or disagreement.

e.g. Talks with business leaders broke down last night...
昨晚与商界领导人的谈判破裂了。
e.g. Paola's marriage broke down.
葆拉的婚姻破裂了。

3. 分解；将…分成若干部分
To break down something such as an idea or statement means to separate it into smaller parts in order to make it easier to understand or deal with.

break down的解释

e.g. The report breaks down the results region by region...
报告将调查结果按地区分成若干部分。
e.g. These rules tell us how a sentence is broken down into phrases.
这些规则告诉我们一个句子是怎样分解成若干短语的。

4. （使）（物质）分解
When a substance breaks down or when something breaks it down, a biological or chemical process causes it to separate into the substances which make it up.

e.g. Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into its constituent amino acids...
时间久了，蛋壳中的蛋白质就会分解为其构成成分氨基酸。
e.g. The oil is attacked by naturally occurring microbes which break it down.
原油受到了自然产生的分解油类物质的微生物的侵蚀。

5. 感情失控（痛哭起来）
If someone breaks down, they lose control of themselves and start crying.

e.g. Because he was being so kind and concerned, I broke down and cried...
他如此体贴关心，令我忍不住失声痛哭。
e.g. The young woman broke down in tears.
这名年轻妇人痛哭流涕。

6. 捣毁；拆除
If you break down a door or barrier, you hit it so hard that it falls to the ground.

break down

e.g. An unruly mob broke down police barricades and stormed the courtroom...
一伙暴徒捣毁了警察设置的路障冲进法庭。
e.g. Firemen were called after his father failed to break the door down.
他的父亲没能把门砸开，后来就把消防员叫来了。

7. 消除，破除（障碍或偏见）
To break down barriers or prejudices that separate people or restrict their freedom means to change people's attitudes so that the barriers or prejudices no longer exist.

break down

e.g. His early experience enabled him to break down barriers between Scottish Catholics and Protestants.
他早年的经历使他能够消除苏格兰天主教徒和新教徒之间的隔阂。

8. see also: breakdown;broken-down

One day we'll see Venice break down.(总有一天，我们会看到威尼斯垮掉。)

The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.(这两个国家将举行会议，旨在打破它们之间的一些贸易壁垒。)

They easily break down when they face difficulties.(他们面对困难时很容易崩溃。)

In 'come back', 'break down' and 'fall off', 'back', 'down' and 'off' are all adverbial particles.(在comeback、breakdown和falloff中，back、down和off都是副词小词。)

It takes a long time to break down prejudices, but we have to keep trying.(消除偏见需要很长时间，但我们仍要不断努力。)

Berry agrees and hopes her team's findings might one day help to break down plastics in landfills.(贝里对此表示同意，并希望她团队的研究结果有朝一日能帮助分解垃圾填埋场中的塑料。)

If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate.(如果粮食状况持续恶化，那整个世界将会以越来越快的速度崩溃。)

The worms' ability to break down their everyday food also allows them to break down plastic.(蠕虫能分解日常食物，它们也能分解塑料。)

At around age 60, "muscles really start to break down," say Kathryn Starr, an aging researcher, "and because of that, the protein needs of an older adult actually increase."(在60岁左右，“肌肉真的开始分解，”一位研究衰老的研究员凯瑟琳·斯塔尔说，“也正因为如此，老年人对蛋白质的需求实际上增加了。”)

Damaged cells are then cleaned up and the body sends cells specially designed to break down the large muscle fiber fragments.(受损细胞随后被清理干净，并且身体会产生专门用于分解大块肌纤维碎片的细胞。)